Adobe XD End of Life

Adobe XD no Longer to be Supported

As of early 2024, Adobe has confirmed that it will not be investing further in Adobe XD, its vector design tool used for web and mobile app development. 

This decision comes after Adobe’s attempt to acquire Figma, a competing design tool, was blocked by regulatory scrutiny. 

Adobe XD is currently in maintenance mode, which means the company will continue to support existing customers by addressing bugs and updating any security or privacy needs but will not develop new features or push the product further. 

Adobe has also confirmed that XD is no longer being sold as a single application to new customers and has no plans for further investment in the product.

Additionally, Adobe has mentioned that XD will continue to be available as part of the Creative Cloud All Apps subscription for existing users, although it is no longer available for purchase as a single application. This means that while current users will continue to receive support, the focus on innovation and new features for XD has ceased, and the product will not be a priority for Adobe moving forward.

This situation has led to discussions within the design community about the future of UX/UI design tools and whether users should start considering migration to alternative platforms like Figma or Sketch. The community expresses concern over the lack of clarity on Adobe XD’s future and how it impacts their workflow and integration with other Adobe products.

For teams deeply integrated with Adobe XD, this news may necessitate reevaluating their design toolchain, considering other options that continue to receive active development and support.

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UXP Extensions in Adobe InDesign: Enhancing Your Workflow with Code Examples

Adobe InDesign is a powerful tool used by designers and publishers to create stunning layouts for print and digital media. With the introduction of UXP (Unified Extensibility Platform), developers now have the ability to extend the functionality of InDesign and customize it to suit their specific needs. In this article, we will explore how UXP extensions can enhance your workflow and provide some code examples to get you started.

What are UXP Extensions?

UXP (Unified Extensibility Platform) is a modern and streamlined way to create extensions for Adobe Creative Cloud applications, including InDesign. UXP extensions are built using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, making it easier for developers to create rich and interactive experiences within the application.

Unlike the previous CEP (Common Extensibility Platform) framework, UXP extensions are more secure, performant, and provide a consistent user experience across platforms. They can be installed directly from the Adobe Creative Cloud Marketplace and are automatically updated, ensuring compatibility with the latest versions of InDesign.

Enhancing Workflow with UXP Extensions

UXP extensions in Adobe InDesign offer a wide range of possibilities to enhance your workflow and automate repetitive tasks. Here are a few examples:

1. Custom Panels

With UXP, you can create custom panels that provide quick access to frequently used tools, scripts, or features. These panels can be docked, resized, and positioned anywhere within the InDesign interface, allowing you to have a personalized workspace tailored to your needs. For example, you can create a panel that automates the process of applying a specific set of styles to selected text or objects.

Here’s an example of how you can create a custom panel using UXP:


// HTML
<div id="myCustomPanel">
  <button id="myButton">Click Me</button>
</div>

// JavaScript
document.getElementById('myButton').addEventListener('click', function() {
  // Perform desired action
});

2. Contextual Menus

UXP allows you to add custom menu items to the contextual menus in InDesign, providing quick access to your extension’s functionality based on the user’s context. For example, you can add a menu item to the right-click menu that applies a specific paragraph style to the selected text.

Here’s an example of how you can add a custom menu item using UXP:


// JavaScript
const contextMenu = require('application').contextMenu;
const myMenuItem = contextMenu.addMenuItem({
  label: 'Apply Style',
  execute: function() {
    // Perform desired action
  }
});

3. Event Listeners

UXP extensions can listen for various events within InDesign, allowing you to respond to user actions and automate tasks. For example, you can listen for the ‘afterSelectionChanged’ event and update your custom panel or perform an action whenever the user selects a different object in InDesign.

Here’s an example of how you can add an event listener using UXP:


// JavaScript
const app = require('application');
app.addEventListener('afterSelectionChanged', function(event) {
  // Perform desired action
});

Getting Started with UXP Extensions

To get started with UXP extensions in Adobe InDesign, you’ll need to have a basic understanding of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. Adobe provides a comprehensive documentation and a UXP Developer Tool installable from the Adobe Creative Cloud application that helps you create, test, and debug your extensions.

Here are the steps to create your first UXP extension:

  1. Create a new folder for your extension.
  2. Inside the folder, create an HTML file for the user interface of your extension.
  3. Include the necessary CSS and JavaScript files in your HTML file.
  4. Write the code for your extension’s functionality using JavaScript.
  5. Package your extension using the UXP Developer Tool.
  6. Install and test your extension in Adobe InDesign.

By following these steps and exploring the Adobe UXP documentation and examples, you’ll be able to create powerful extensions that enhance your workflow and productivity in Adobe InDesign.

Conclusion

UXP extensions in Adobe InDesign open up a world of possibilities for developers to customize and extend the functionality of the application and for the first time using modern development tools and current level of JavaScript. Whether you want to create custom panels, add contextual menus, or respond to user actions, UXP provides a modern and streamlined platform to bring your ideas to life.

By leveraging HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, you can create rich and interactive experiences within InDesign, automating repetitive tasks and enhancing your workflow. With the comprehensive documentation and tools provided by Adobe, getting started with UXP extensions is easier than ever.

So, why not explore the world of UXP extensions in Adobe InDesign and take your design workflow to the next level?

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ExtendScript

extendscipt and extendscript toolkit

Adobe ExtendScript: Applications, Usage, and Limitations

Adobe’s ExtendScript is a robust scripting language based on JavaScript, enabling automation, customization, and extension of Adobe’s Creative Cloud applications. This powerful tool allows developers and designers to streamline their workflows, create custom functionalities, and automate repetitive tasks. This blog post explores the applications supporting ExtendScript, its uses within these applications, the JavaScript version it’s based on, its limitations, and its utility in plugins. We’ll also provide examples and source code snippets to illustrate the scripting in action.

Supported Applications

ExtendScript is primarily used with Adobe applications, offering a versatile range of possibilities for automation and customization. Key Adobe applications supporting it include:

  • Adobe Photoshop: Automate tasks, create custom scripts for image processing, and more.
  • Adobe Illustrator: Generate scripts for automating drawing tasks, batch processing, and custom tool creation.
  • Adobe InDesign: Automate layout designs, text formatting, and streamline publishing workflows.
  • Adobe Premiere Pro: Customize video editing workflows, automate sequences, and effects.
  • Adobe After Effects: Create scripts for animation, automate effects, and manage compositions.

Utilization in Applications

Each Adobe application utilizes ExtendScript in unique ways, catering to the specific needs of the software’s functionality:

ExtendScript in Adobe Photoshop

In Photoshop, a script can automate complex imaging processes, batch process images, and customize user interactions. For example, a script can automate the process of resizing a batch of images:

				
					var folder = Folder.selectDialog("Select a folder");
var files = folder.getFiles("*.jpg");

for (var i = 0; i < files.length; i++) {
  var file = files[i];
  open(file);

  // Resize image
  activeDocument.resizeImage(800, 600, 72, ResampleMethod.BICUBIC);

  // Save and close
  var saveOptions = new JPEGSaveOptions();
  saveOptions.quality = 8;
  activeDocument.saveAs(file, saveOptions, true, Extension.LOWERCASE);
  activeDocument.close();
}

				
			

In Adobe Illustrator

In Illustrator, ExtendScript can create custom shapes, manage document layers, and automate design tasks. Here’s an example of creating a simple rectangle with ExtendScript:

				
					var doc = app.documents.add();
var layer = doc.layers[0];
var rect = layer.pathItems.rectangle(100, 100, 200, 100);
rect.fillColor = new RGBColor();
rect.fillColor.red = 255;
rect.fillColor.green = 0;
rect.fillColor.blue = 0;

				
			

In Adobe InDesign

ExtendScript in InDesign can automate layout creation, style application, and batch processing of documents. For instance, applying a paragraph style to text:

				
					var doc = app.activeDocument;
var textFrames = doc.textFrames;
if (textFrames.length > 0) {
  var textFrame = textFrames[0];
  textFrame.texts[0].appliedParagraphStyle = doc.paragraphStyles.item("Heading 1");
}

				
			

ExtendScript in Adobe Premiere Pro & After Effects

In Premiere Pro and After Effects, ExtendScript allows for automation of editing tasks, effects, and compositions. For example, in After Effects, a script can automate the creation of a composition:

				
					var comp = app.project.items.addComp("New Composition", 1920, 1080, 1, 30, 30);
comp.openInViewer();

				
			

JavaScript Version and Limitations

ExtendScript is based on an older version of JavaScript (ECMAScript 3), which introduces some limitations compared to modern JavaScript standards. Consequently, these limitations include the lack of support for newer syntax and features introduced in ES6 and beyond, such as let/const, arrow functions, promises, and async/await. Despite these limitations, it provides a robust API specific to Adobe applications, offering deep integration and control over software functionalities.

Enhanced Use in Plugins: A Dive into ExtendScript within CEP Extensions

ExtendScript’s utility transcends simple script execution within Adobe applications—it serves as the backbone for developing more complex, feature-rich plugins through Adobe’s Common Extensibility Platform (CEP). CEP allows for the creation of extensions that can interact deeply with Adobe Creative Cloud applications, offering a blend of HTML5, CSS, JavaScript, and ExtendScript to create rich, user-friendly interfaces and functionalities.

Understanding CEP Extensions

CEP extensions are essentially web applications that run inside Adobe applications, enabling developers to create sophisticated, non-modal dialog boxes and panels using standard web technologies. These extensions can then call ExtendScript code to perform tasks within the host application, bridging the gap between modern web technologies and the extensive automation capabilities of ExtendScript.

Integration with ExtendScript

The integration of ExtendScript within CEP extensions is facilitated through a scripting bridge, allowing JavaScript code running within the CEP extension to execute ExtendScript code within the context of the host application. This hybrid approach leverages the best of both worlds: the modern capabilities and user experience of web technologies, and it’s deep application-specific scripting capabilities.

Example: A Photoshop CEP Extension

Consider a Photoshop CEP extension designed to automate the process of applying a series of filters and adjustments to a selection of images. The extension could use HTML and CSS to provide a user-friendly interface for selecting filters and adjustments, while JavaScript manages the application logic and interactions. When it comes to applying the selected operations to images, the extension would execute ExtendScript code to automate Photoshop tasks.

Here’s a simplified example of how such an extension might invoke ExtendScript code:

				
					// JavaScript function within the CEP extension
function applyFiltersToImage(imagePath, filters) {
  var script = `
    var file = new File("${imagePath}");
    app.open(file);
    
    // Example of applying a blur filter
    app.activeDocument.artLayers[0].applyGaussianBlur(${filters.blurAmount});
    
    // Save and close the document
    var saveOptions = new JPEGSaveOptions();
    saveOptions.quality = 8;
    app.activeDocument.saveAs(file, saveOptions, true, Extension.LOWERCASE);
    app.activeDocument.close();
  `;

  // Execute the ExtendScript code
  csInterface.evalScript(script, function(result) {
    console.log('Filters applied successfully');
  });
}

				
			

In this example, csInterface.evalScript() is used to execute ExtendScript code from within the JavaScript context of the CEP extension. This method allows for passing ExtendScript code as a string to be executed within the host application (Photoshop, in this case), enabling the extension to perform complex tasks like opening an image, applying filters, and saving the document.

Conclusion on Using ExtendScript in Plugins

The integration of ExtendScript within CEP extensions has long provided a powerful means to enhance the capabilities of Adobe plugins, combining the depth of application-specific scripting with the user experience of modern web technologies. However, it’s important to note the evolving landscape of Adobe extension development, particularly with the introduction of the Unified Extensibility Platform (UXP). UXP is gradually replacing CEP and ExtendScript in certain Adobe applications, aiming to offer a more modern, efficient, and secure way to develop plugins and extensions.

Unified Extensibility Platform (UXP)

UXP provides a new standard for developing extensions across Adobe Creative Cloud. It leverages contemporary web technologies without the need for ExtendScript. Despite this shift, ExtendScript and CEP continue to hold significant value for applications where UXP support is either emerging or not yet fully implemented. Both provide a way of combing user interfaces and in-application functionality. For developers and creative professionals, this transition period involves adapting to new tools and workflows, while also leveraging the established power of ExtendScript within CEP for applications where it remains supported.

As Adobe continues to expand UXP’s capabilities and application support, the role of ExtendScript and CEP may diminish in favor of this newer, more unified platform. Nevertheless, the legacy and impact of ExtendScript in automating and extending Adobe applications will remain a critical chapter in the history of creative software development, providing a foundation from which future innovations will continue to build.

The shift from ExtendScript and CEP to UXP in Adobe Creative Cloud marks a pivotal evolution in plugin development, embracing modern web technologies for a more efficient, secure development process. While UXP’s adoption progresses, with support in Photoshop and emerging use in InDesign, ExtendScript remains vital for applications like Illustrator, where UXP is not yet integrated. This transition period is crucial for developers to leverage both the legacy power of ExtendScript and the innovative potential of UXP, ensuring a seamless adaptation to Adobe’s evolving platform ecosystem.

The Extendscript Toolkit

The ExtendScript Toolkit, now deprecated in favor of the VS Code Debugger, served as an interactive development and testing environment for ExtendScript across Adobe’s JavaScript-enabled applications. It featured a syntax-highlighting text editor, Unicode support, and a JavaScript debugger for step-through debugging, data inspection, and breakpoint management. Despite its deprecation, the toolkit’s documentation remains available for legacy reference, especially noting that it won’t work on 64-bit-only versions of macOS. For more details, visit JavaScript Tools Guide CC documentation.

The VS Code Debugger is the official method for debugging ExtendScript following the deprecation of the ExtendScript Toolkit by Adobe, partly due to macOS dropping support for 32-bit apps. 

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Adobe ExtendScript: Applications, Usage, and Limitations

Introduction to Adobe ExtendScript

Adobe ExtendScript is a scripting language developed by Adobe Systems for extending the functionality of various Adobe applications. It allows users to automate repetitive tasks, create custom tools, and enhance the overall workflow within these applications. In this article, we will explore the applications that support ExtendScript, its usage within each application, the version of JavaScript it is based on, and its limitations. We will also provide examples of using ExtendScript in plugins for different Adobe applications.

Applications that Support ExtendScript

Several Adobe applications support ExtendScript, including:

1. Adobe Photoshop: You can use ExtendScript to automate tasks such as batch processing, create custom filters, and generate complex image manipulations.

2. Adobe Illustrator: ExtendScript allows users to automate repetitive tasks, create custom tools, and enhance the overall workflow within Illustrator.

3. Adobe InDesign: You can use ExtendScript to automate layout tasks, generate custom templates, and create interactive documents.

4. Adobe After Effects: ExtendScript enables users to automate complex animation tasks, create custom effects, and enhance the overall workflow within After Effects.

5. Adobe Premiere Pro: You can use ExtendScript to automate video editing tasks, create custom plugins, and enhance the overall workflow within Premiere Pro.

Usage of ExtendScript within Adobe Applications

ExtendScript provides a wide range of functionalities within each Adobe application. Some common use cases include:

1. Automating Repetitive Tasks: ExtendScript allows users to automate repetitive tasks, such as applying filters to multiple images, resizing objects, or applying consistent formatting to a large number of documents.

2. Creating Custom Tools: ExtendScript enables users to create custom tools and panels within Adobe applications, providing a more efficient and personalized workflow.

3. Enhancing Workflow: You can use ExtendScript to enhance the overall workflow within Adobe applications by streamlining processes, reducing manual effort, and improving productivity.

Version of JavaScript and Limitations

ExtendScript is based on JavaScript 1.5, an older version of the language. Consequently, this version presents certain limitations, notably:

  1. Lack of Modern Language Features: JavaScript 1.5 lacks support for some of the modern language features that later versions introduced, including arrow functions, classes, and modules, which have become standard in more recent iterations.

  2. Limited Standard Library: Furthermore, compared to newer versions, JavaScript 1.5 comes with a limited standard library. As a result, developers might find themselves needing to implement certain functionalities from scratch, which can be both time-consuming and challenging.

  3. Performance: Lastly, in terms of performance, JavaScript 1.5 may not offer the same efficiency as its successors, particularly when handling large datasets or complex computations. This can impact the overall speed and responsiveness of applications developed with ExtendScript.

ExtendScript in Plugins: Examples

Let’s explore some examples of using ExtendScript in plugins for different Adobe applications.

Photoshop Plugin: A Photoshop plugin can be created using ExtendScript to automate the process of resizing images to specific dimensions. The following code snippet demonstrates how to achieve this:

				
					var doc = app.activeDocument;
doc.resizeImage(800, 600, 72, ResampleMethod.BICUBIC);
				
			

Illustrator Plugin: An Illustrator plugin can be developed using ExtendScript to generate a custom shape based on user input. The following code snippet shows how to create a rectangle with specified dimensions:

				
					var doc = app.activeDocument;
var rect = doc.pathItems.rectangle(100, 100, 200, 150);
				
			

InDesign Plugin: An InDesign plugin can be built using ExtendScript to automate the process of generating a table of contents for a document. The following code snippet demonstrates how to achieve this:

				
					var doc = app.activeDocument;
var toc = doc.createTOC();
toc.build();
				
			

After Effects Plugin: An After Effects plugin can be developed using ExtendScript to automate the process of applying a specific effect to a composition. The following code snippet shows how to apply the “Gaussian Blur” effect:

				
					var comp = app.project.activeItem;
var layer = comp.layers.addSolid([1, 1, 1], "Blur Layer", comp.width, comp.height, comp.pixelAspect);
layer.applyEffect(app.effects.itemByName("Gaussian Blur"));
				
			

Premiere Pro Plugin: A Premiere Pro plugin can be created using ExtendScript to automate the process of exporting a sequence to a specific format. The following code snippet demonstrates how to achieve this:

				
					var seq = app.project.activeSequence;
var exportOptions = new ExportOptions();
exportOptions.format = "QuickTime";
exportOptions.codec = "H.264";
seq.exportAsMediaFile("C:/output.mov", exportOptions);
				
			

In conclusion, Adobe ExtendScript provides a powerful means of extending the functionality of various Adobe applications. It allows users to automate tasks, create custom tools, and enhance workflow. While ExtendScript is based on JavaScript 1.5 and has certain limitations, it continues to be a valuable tool for developers and users seeking to customize their Adobe experience.

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Understanding the Difference Between an Annual Subscription and a Perpetual License

In the world of software licensing models, there are two common options available: an annual subscription and a perpetual license. Both options allow users to access and utilize software. However, there are key differences that are important to understand before making a decision.

Some of our products now provide these two licensing models in our store. You will probably be very familiar with the two licensing models as Adobe products such as Adobe Acrobat already provide this. Adobe Acrobat can be licensed as part of Document Cloud or Creative Cloud as well as an Individual product as Adobe Acrobat 2023.

Annual Subscription licensing models

An annual subscription is a licensing model where users pay a recurring fee on a yearly basis to access and use the software. This model typically offers the latest updates and features, as well as technical support throughout the subscription period. The subscription is valid for a specific duration, usually one year, and needs to be renewed to continue using the software.

One of the advantages of an annual subscription type licensing model is the lower upfront cost compared to a perpetual type licensing model. This makes it an attractive option for individuals or businesses that prefer a more flexible payment structure. Additionally, the subscription model ensures that users always have access to the most up-to-date version of the software, as updates are included in the subscription fee.

Perpetual Licensing models

A perpetual licensing model gives users the right to use software forever after a one-time payment, without time limits. Yet, this model usually excludes updates or support after a set period, possibly necessitating extra contracts for maintenance.

Though it might cost more at first, a perpetual license can be economical for long-term use. It offers users more software control, allowing them to update or keep their version without subscription renewals.

 

Choosing the Right Option

When deciding between an annual subscription and a perpetual license, it is essential to consider your specific needs and preferences to determine which is the correct licensing model. If you require access to the latest updates and ongoing support, an annual subscription may be the better choice. On the other hand, if you prefer a one-time payment and have no immediate need for updates or support, a perpetual license might be more suitable.

Ultimately, the decision between an annual subscription and a perpetual license depends on factors such as budget, software requirements, and long-term plans. It is advisable to carefully evaluate these factors before making a decision to ensure that you choose the option that best aligns with your needs and goals.

See our store for licensing Mapsoft products. Our product TOCBuilder now has licensing options for both perpetual and subscription models.

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Women in IT: Exploring the Gender Gap in the Tech Industry

Women in IT: Exploring the Gender Gap in the Tech Industry

The modern technology sector owes a debt to pioneers such as Ada Lovelace and Grace Hopper, yet women occupy only a fraction of today’s technical and leadership roles. Bridging that gap is not simply a matter of fairness; numerous studies show diverse teams out-innovate homogeneous ones and drive stronger business results. This article looks at the data behind the disparity, the root causes, and the initiatives that are starting to turn the tide.

The Gender Gap in Numbers

Workforce representation

Leadership

  • Women fill 24 % of C-suite roles in large tech firms (Grant Thornton 2024).
  • Only about 1 in 5 Chief Technology Officers worldwide is female (same source).

Historical trends

Women’s share of U.S. computing jobs peaked at 44 % in 1990, then fell to 24 % by 2022 (CompTIA analysis). Meanwhile, the percentage of women earning CS degrees dipped from the mid-30s in the 1980s to the teens in the 2000s, illustrating a long-running “leaky pipeline.”

Stereotypes and Cultural Bias

Gender stereotypes emerge shockingly early. A 2024 American Institutes for Research study of six-year-olds found that over half already believe boys are better at computer science. That message is reinforced by toys, media images of male “hackers,” and classroom cues, discouraging many girls from exploring technical hobbies or courses. Those who persist often confront the notion that they are interlopers in a “boys’ club,” which can erode confidence and belonging.

Lack of Role Models and Representation

Representation matters: in Kaspersky’s global “Women in Tech” 2021 survey, 38 % of women said the scarcity of females in the sector made them wary of entering it, while only 19 % had a female role model who encouraged them. Industry conferences and networks aim to fill that gap:

When women do reach the top—think Oracle CEO Safra Catz or former YouTube CEO Susan Wojcicki—their presence signals that success is possible and widens the path for others.

Unconscious Bias in Hiring and Promotion

Bias can exclude female talent well before an interview. Job ads laced with masculine-coded terms (“aggressive,” “dominant,” “rock-star”) deter women from applying, a pattern documented in seminal research. Even once they apply, bias lingers:

  • 65 % of tech recruiters admit bias affects their hiring process (CodinGame / CoderPad survey 2023).
  • In GitHub’s massive open-source pull-request study, women’s code was accepted 78.6 % of the time—higher than men’s unless reviewers could see the author’s gender, when acceptance fell to 62.5 %.
  • Within companies, only 52 women are promoted to manager for every 100 men in technical roles (McKinsey “Broken Rung” 2021).

Counter-measures—blind résumé reviews, structured interviews, diverse hiring panels—are spreading but not yet universal.

Workplace Culture Challenges

Cultural headwinds persist. A 2023 Women Who Tech report found that 41 % of women in tech had experienced harassment. “Bro culture” can also isolate women from informal networks where stretch assignments are handed out.

Progress is visible: companies now publish diversity dashboards, enforce codes of conduct, and nurture employee resource groups (e.g., Women@ networks). Some—like Slack—have tied executive bonuses to diversity goals and run sponsorship programs (Slack’s “Rising Tides” helped lift women to 33 % of technical roles and 46 % of managers by 2020).

Work-Life Balance and Retention

The industry’s intensity often clashes with caregiving responsibilities. According to WomenTech Network statistics 2025, 57 % of women in technology, media, and telecom plan to leave their employer within two years, citing poor work-life balance.

Flexible work is changing that equation. Tech leads all sectors in remote jobs: a 2024 FlexJobs analysis showed Computer & IT as the top fully-remote career field, and an 81 % share of workers now rank remote work as the most important job factor. Encouragingly, Grant Thornton reports that 54 % of mid-market tech firms have adopted hybrid work models (see above). Skillsoft’s 2023 Women in Tech Report noted a 33-point leap in remote-work access for female technologists between 2021 and 2023.

Initiatives Driving Change

Such efforts attack different “leaks” in the pipeline—from sparking girls’ interest, through equitable hiring, to sponsorship and return-to-work programs.

Conclusion

The gender gap in IT stems from early stereotypes, narrow educational pipelines, unconscious bias, and workplace cultures that have not always welcomed women. Yet momentum is building: companies are revising hiring practices, remote work is widening access, and grassroots organizations are rewriting the cultural script. Evidence of progress is real—an April 2025 ITPro Today survey found 88 % of women in tech say they are thriving, with only 2 % considering leaving. Making that experience universal demands continued, collective effort, but the trajectory is finally turning upward.


Author: Michael Peters · mpeters@creativeaddonshub.com · creativeaddonshub.com

Key Sources

  1. CompTIA — State of the Tech Workforce 2024
  2. European Centre for Women and Technology (ECWT) 2024
  3. NCWIT — Women in Computing Scorecard
  4. Grant Thornton Women in Business 2024
  5. AIR — Gender Stereotypes in Computing (2024)
  6. Kaspersky Women in Tech 2021
  7. PeerJ — Gender Bias in Open Source (2016)
  8. Women Who Tech — State of Women in Tech 2023
  9. Slack Diversity Report 2020
  10. Girls Who Code Annual Report 2023
  11. AnitaB.org GHC Impact Report 2023
  12. Google Women Techmakers
  13. Microsoft DigiGirlz
  14. Salesforce Equal-Pay Initiative
  15. Gendered Wording in Job Ads (Wharton paper)
  16. CodinGame / CoderPad Tech Hiring Survey 2023
  17. McKinsey “Broken Rung” (2021)
  18. WomenTech Network Stats 2025
  19. FlexJobs Remote Work Survey 2024
  20. Skillsoft Women in Tech Report 2023
  21. PwC Inclusion Matters Research 2024
  22. ITPro Today Survey (2025)

A Comprehensive Analysis of Image Formats: Technical Perspectives, Applications, and Trade-offs

Introduction

In the digital age, images are integral to communication, information dissemination, and artistic expression across various platforms, including websites, social media, and professional publications. The selection of an appropriate image format is critical, as it influences not only the visual quality but also the performance and compatibility of digital content. This article provides an in-depth analysis of prevalent image formats—JPEG, PNG, GIF, TIFF, SVG, WebP, HEIF, and AVIF—examining their technical specifications, common applications, advantages, and limitations. By understanding the nuances of each format, professionals and enthusiasts can make informed decisions to optimize image usage for specific requirements.

The proliferation of digital imagery necessitates a nuanced understanding of image formats, each engineered with distinct algorithms and features to serve particular purposes. The choice of image format can significantly impact file size, image quality, compression efficiency, and compatibility across devices and platforms. This article delves into the technical underpinnings and practical implications of various image formats, providing a comprehensive resource for advanced users seeking to optimize their digital imagery.

JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)

Technical Overview

JPEG is a commonly used method of lossy compression for digital images, particularly for those images produced by digital photography. The JPEG compression algorithm utilizes a discrete cosine transform (DCT), which allows for significant reduction in file size by eliminating redundant or less perceptible information.

Applications

  • Photographs: Due to its efficiency in compressing complex images with smooth gradients and color variations.
  • Web Graphics: Optimal for reducing bandwidth usage and improving page load times.
  • Digital Cameras: Standard format for image capture due to its balance of quality and file size.

Advantages

  • High Compression Ratios: Can achieve significant file size reductions with acceptable quality loss.
  • Wide Compatibility: Universally supported across devices, browsers, and image editing software.
  • Adjustable Quality Settings: Allows users to select the desired balance between image quality and file size.

Limitations

  • Lossy Compression: Irreversible loss of some image data, which can introduce artifacts, especially at higher compression levels.
  • Color Space Limitations: Typically uses 8-bit color depth, limiting the dynamic range.
  • Not Ideal for Text or Line Art: Compression artifacts become more noticeable in images with sharp edges and high contrast.

Technical Considerations

  • Chroma Subsampling: JPEG often reduces color information (chrominance) more than brightness (luminance), capitalizing on the human eye’s lower sensitivity to color detail.
  • Progressive JPEG: A variant that allows images to load in successive passes of increasing detail, enhancing user experience on slow connections.

Learn more about JPEG.

PNG (Portable Network Graphics)

Technical Overview

PNG is a raster-graphics file-format that supports lossless data compression. It was developed as an improved, non-patented replacement for Graphics Interchange Format (GIF).

Applications

  • Web Graphics: Ideal for images requiring transparency and sharp details.
  • Logos and Icons: Preserves edges and text without compression artifacts.
  • Image Editing: Suitable for images that will undergo multiple edits.

Advantages

  • Lossless Compression: Retains all image data, ensuring high-quality reproduction.
  • Alpha Transparency: Supports 8-bit transparency, allowing for variable opacity.
  • Color Depth: Supports up to 48-bit truecolor or 16-bit grayscale images.

Limitations

  • Larger File Sizes: Resulting from lossless compression, which can impact load times.
  • Not Ideal for Photographs: File sizes can be significantly larger compared to JPEG when compressing complex images.

Technical Considerations

  • Filtering: PNG uses filtering algorithms to enhance compression, such as Sub, Up, Average, and Paeth filters.
  • Interlacing: Adam7 interlacing allows for progressive display, improving perceived load times.

Learn more about PNG.

GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)

Technical Overview

GIF is a bitmap image format that supports up to 8 bits per pixel, allowing a single image to reference a palette of up to 256 distinct colors. It supports animations by combining multiple images into a single file.

Applications

  • Animations and Memes: Widely used for short, looping animations.
  • Simple Graphics: Suitable for images with limited color palettes.

Advantages

  • Animation Support: Allows for simple animations without the need for video formats.
  • Small File Sizes: Limited color palette reduces file size.
  • Broad Compatibility: Supported by virtually all web browsers and image viewers.

Limitations

  • Limited Color Palette: Only 256 colors, unsuitable for high-quality photographs.
  • No Alpha Transparency: Supports binary transparency (fully transparent or opaque), lacking variable opacity.

Technical Considerations

  • LZW Compression: Utilizes Lempel-Ziv-Welch compression, which is lossless but limited by the color palette.
  • Frame Control: Offers control over animation timing and looping behavior.

Learn more about GIF.

TIFF (Tagged Image File Format)

Technical Overview

TIFF is a flexible, adaptable file format for handling images and data within a single file, by including the header tags (size, definition, image-data arrangement, applied image compression). It supports multiple types of compression and color spaces.

Applications

  • Professional Photography: Used for storing high-quality images with extensive editing capabilities.
  • Desktop Publishing: Preferred in print media for its high resolution and color accuracy.
  • Archival: Suitable for preserving images without quality degradation.

Advantages

  • High Image Quality: Supports lossless compression and high bit-depth images.
  • Flexibility: Can store multiple images (pages), layers, and transparency.
  • Metadata Support: Allows extensive metadata tagging for image management.

Limitations

  • Large File Sizes: High-quality data results in significantly larger files.
  • Limited Web Support: Not widely supported in web browsers for direct display.
  • Complexity: Variations in the format can lead to compatibility issues across different software.

Technical Considerations

  • Compression Options: Supports various compression algorithms, including LZW, PackBits, and JPEG.
  • Color Spaces: Can handle multiple color spaces, including CMYK, RGB, and grayscale.

 

Learn more about TIFF.

SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics)

Technical Overview

SVG is an XML-based vector image format for two-dimensional graphics with support for interactivity and animation. Unlike raster images, SVG defines graphics in terms of vector shapes, which are scalable without loss of quality.

Applications

  • Web Graphics: Ideal for logos, icons, and illustrations that require scalability.
  • Responsive Design: Adapts seamlessly to different screen sizes and resolutions.
  • Animation and Interactivity: Supports scripting and styling via CSS and JavaScript.

Advantages

  • Scalability: Maintains image quality at any size, from small icons to large posters.
  • Small File Sizes: Vector data can be more compact than raster images, especially for simple graphics.
  • Editability: Easily modified using text editors or vector graphic software.

Limitations

  • Complex Images: Not efficient for photorealistic images or those with intricate details.
  • Rendering Performance: Complex SVGs can tax system resources during rendering.
  • Browser Compatibility: While broadly supported, some advanced features may not work uniformly across all browsers.

Technical Considerations

  • DOM Integration: As an XML format, SVG elements become part of the Document Object Model, allowing for dynamic manipulation.
  • Accessibility: Supports accessibility features, enabling better integration with screen readers.

 

Learn more about SVG.

WebP

Technical Overview

WebP is a modern image format developed by Google, providing superior lossless and lossy compression for images on the web. It combines features from several image formats to offer high-quality images with smaller file sizes.

Applications

  • Web Use: Optimized for web graphics to improve page load times.
  • Transparency and Animation: Supports alpha transparency and can contain animated images (similar to GIF).

Advantages

  • Efficient Compression: Achieves smaller file sizes compared to JPEG and PNG without significant quality loss.
  • Feature-Rich: Supports lossless and lossy compression, transparency, and animation.
  • Improved Performance: Reduces bandwidth usage and enhances user experience on websites.

Limitations

  • Compatibility: Not all browsers and image editors support WebP, though support is increasing.
  • Processing Overhead: Encoding and decoding can be more CPU-intensive compared to older formats.

Technical Considerations

  • Compression Techniques: Utilizes predictive coding, where values are predicted based on neighboring pixels, and only the differences are encoded.
  • Alpha Compression: Employs techniques like palette reduction and entropy coding to efficiently compress transparency data.

Learn more about WebP.

HEIF (High Efficiency Image Format)

Technical Overview

HEIF is a container format for individual images and image sequences, based on the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard. It provides efficient compression and advanced features compared to traditional image formats.

Applications

  • Mobile Photography: Adopted by Apple and other manufacturers for storing images on devices.
  • Advanced Imaging: Supports features like depth maps, image sequences, and auxiliary image data.

Advantages

  • Superior Compression: Offers better quality at smaller file sizes compared to JPEG.
  • Rich Features: Supports 16-bit color, transparency, and multiple images (e.g., burst photos, live images).
  • Future-Proofing: Designed to accommodate advanced imaging features and extensions.

Limitations

  • Limited Compatibility: Not universally supported across all platforms and browsers.
  • Licensing Issues: HEVC encoding/decoding involves patent licenses, potentially complicating implementation.

Technical Considerations

  • Based on HEVC: Inherits the advanced compression algorithms of HEVC, including intra prediction and transform coding.
  • Extensibility: The container format allows for inclusion of metadata and additional data streams.

 

Learn more about HEIF.

AVIF (AV1 Image File Format)

Technical Overview

AVIF is an image format derived from the AV1 video coding format, designed to provide high compression efficiency and image quality. It supports both lossless and lossy compression, along with advanced features.

Applications

  • Web and Streaming: Optimized for web delivery of high-quality images with minimal bandwidth usage.
  • High Dynamic Range (HDR): Supports HDR imaging, enabling images with greater luminosity and color range.

Advantages

  • Exceptional Compression: Outperforms JPEG and WebP in compression efficiency, reducing file sizes significantly.
  • Advanced Features: Supports HDR, wide color gamut, transparency, and animation.
  • Open and Royalty-Free: Developed by the Alliance for Open Media, promoting broad adoption without licensing fees.

Limitations

  • Emerging Support: Still gaining traction, with partial support in browsers and software.
  • Processing Requirements: Encoding and decoding are computationally intensive, which may impact performance on some devices.

Technical Considerations

  • AV1 Codec: Utilizes the same advanced compression techniques as AV1 video, including intra-frame prediction and adaptive loop filters.
  • Chroma Subsampling and Bit Depth: Supports various chroma subsampling modes and high bit-depths, enhancing image fidelity.

 

Learn more about AVIF.

Comparative Analysis

Compression Efficiency

  • Best Compression: AVIF and WebP offer superior compression, making them ideal for web applications where bandwidth is a concern.
  • Lossless vs. Lossy: PNG and TIFF support lossless compression, preserving image data entirely, whereas JPEG and WebP offer adjustable lossy compression.

Image Quality

  • Photographic Images: JPEG, HEIF, and AVIF are suitable for complex images with gradients and color variations.
  • Graphics and Text: PNG and SVG excel in preserving sharp edges and text clarity.

Features

  • Transparency: PNG, WebP, HEIF, and AVIF support alpha transparency, essential for overlaying images.
  • Animation: GIF, WebP, and AVIF can store animations, with WebP and AVIF offering better compression and quality.
  • Color Depth: Formats like TIFF and HEIF support higher bit-depths, beneficial for professional imaging.

Compatibility

  • Universal Support: JPEG, PNG, and GIF are widely supported across all platforms and browsers.
  • Emerging Formats: WebP, HEIF, and AVIF offer advanced features but have varying levels of support, necessitating fallback options in web applications.

Recommendations

Web Developers

  • Optimize Performance: Use WebP or AVIF for images to reduce load times, with fallbacks to JPEG or PNG for unsupported browsers.
  • Responsive Design: Employ SVG for icons and logos to ensure scalability across devices.

Photographers and Designers

  • Preserve Quality: Use TIFF or RAW formats during editing to maintain image integrity.
  • Final Output: Convert to JPEG or PNG depending on the intended use—JPEG for photographs, PNG for graphics with transparency.

Content Creators

  • Engaging Content: Utilize GIFs or animated WebP/AVIF images for animations and memes.
  • High-Quality Visuals: Consider HEIF for high-quality images on supported platforms.

Conclusion

The diverse landscape of image formats reflects the multifaceted requirements of modern digital media. Each format presents a unique blend of technical features tailored to specific applications. Advanced understanding of these formats empowers users to optimize image quality, file size, and compatibility, enhancing both the aesthetic and functional aspects of digital content. As technology evolves, emerging formats like HEIF and AVIF are poised to redefine standards, offering superior compression and advanced features. Staying informed about these developments is crucial for leveraging the full potential of digital imagery.

 

What next?

If you are interested in discussing our consultancy and software development services further then please send an email to info@creativeaddonshub.com by clicking the button below:

Mastering the Art of Crafting OpenAI ChatGPT Prompts

Overview of the reason why we wrote about ChatGPT prompting

At Mapsoft, we have been utilizing ChatGPT and other AI-related products for over a year. In addition, our team has been focused on integrating software solutions into both our proprietary products and custom solutions for customers through the OpenAI interface. Hundreds of ChatGPT prompts have been created to deeply understand this technology, which has made significant advancements during this period. This piece was composed in celebration of ChatGPT’s first anniversary.

Section 1: Understanding ChatGPT

In the realm of conversational artificial intelligence, OpenAI’s ChatGPT stands out as a marvel of modern technology. It’s a variant of the GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) family, designed specifically to simulate human-like conversation. This powerful AI model has been trained on a diverse range of internet text, but it’s the way it’s prompted that truly unlocks its potential.

At its core, ChatGPT is like a well-read companion, capable of discussing a wide array of topics, from the intricacies of quantum physics to the subtle art of baking a perfect croissant. However, it’s not just what it knows; it’s how it communicates that knowledge that makes it so engaging. The AI is equipped with an understanding of nuances in language, enabling it to discern context, follow conversational cues, and deliver responses that can be startlingly insightful or delightfully witty.

But it’s not without limitations. ChatGPT is bounded by the data it was trained on, which only goes up until a certain point in time. It doesn’t “know” anything about events or developments that occurred after its last update. This means that while it can provide historical information up to its knowledge cutoff, it cannot give real-time updates or opinions on recent events.

Furthermore, ChatGPT’s responses are generated based on patterns it has seen in the training data. It doesn’t “understand” information in the human sense, and sometimes it might produce a response that seems plausible but is actually incorrect or nonsensical. This is where the art of prompting comes into play—knowing how to ask the right questions and provide the right context to guide ChatGPT towards more accurate and helpful responses.

As we delve deeper into the capabilities of ChatGPT, we’ll also explore the ethical considerations and the importance of using such technology responsibly. There are concerns about misinformation, bias, and the potential for misuse that must be addressed. OpenAI continues to work on improving the model’s safety and accuracy, and as users, it’s crucial we understand these aspects to interact with ChatGPT effectively.

In the next section, we’ll dissect what makes a good prompt and how you can craft your queries to get the best out of this conversational AI.

OpenAI’s ChatGPT is an advanced conversational AI model known for its ability to interact in a dialogue format, allowing it to address follow-up questions, acknowledge errors, challenge incorrect premises, and reject inappropriate requests. As a sibling model to InstructGPT, ChatGPT is tailored to follow instructions in prompts and provide detailed responses, and it was introduced to gather user feedback to understand its strengths and weaknesses better.

The training of ChatGPT involved Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), using methods similar to those employed for InstructGPT. This included supervised fine-tuning where human AI trainers played both the user and the AI assistant, contributing to building a new dialogue dataset. The model was then fine-tuned using Proximal Policy Optimization, with several iterations of this process to refine its capabilities.

ChatGPT was fine-tuned from the GPT-3.5 model, which completed its training in early 2022, and was developed using the Azure AI supercomputing infrastructure. Notably, the model sometimes generates plausible-sounding but incorrect or nonsensical answers, a challenge during its RL training due to the lack of a definitive source of truth. The model’s performance can also be sensitive to slight changes in input phrasing or repeated prompts, and it tends to be verbose, often repeating certain phrases. While efforts have been made to make ChatGPT refuse inappropriate requests, it can still respond to harmful instructions or exhibit biased behavior. OpenAI uses a Moderation API to manage such content, but acknowledges the possibility of false negatives and positives in its current form.

Section 2: The Anatomy of a Good Prompt

Crafting an effective prompt for ChatGPT is akin to preparing a gourmet dish; it requires the right ingredients, precise measurements, and a touch of creativity. In chatgpt prompt engineering, a good prompt is the linchpin of effective communication with this AI, serving as both a guide and a map that leads to the desired destination in the vast terrain of potential responses.

Clarity Is Key

The journey begins with clarity. ChatGPT, though proficient in handling vague questions, shines when given clear, unambiguous prompts. When the prompt is specific, the AI’s response is more likely to be on target. For example, instead of asking, “How do I make a website?” a more effective prompt would be, “What are the steps to create an e-commerce website using WordPress?”

Context Matters

Next is context. Providing context helps the model understand the scope and depth of the response needed. If you’re looking for information on Java, specify whether you’re referring to the programming language or the Indonesian island. Without context, ChatGPT might default to the more common interpretation, which might not be what you were looking for.

Brevity vs. Detail

Brevity can be a friend or a foe. While it’s often best to keep prompts concise to maintain focus, sometimes detail is necessary. The trick is to balance the amount of information given to avoid overwhelming the model or leading it down the wrong path. Detailed prompts are particularly useful for complex queries where precision is crucial.

Creativity and Flexibility

A dash of creativity can also enhance your prompts. Asking ChatGPT to role-play or imagine scenarios can yield interesting and engaging responses. However, it’s important to remain flexible—sometimes the first prompt doesn’t produce the desired result, and a few iterations might be needed to refine the question.

The Role of Open-Endedness

Open-ended prompts encourage expansive responses and display the AI’s ability to generate ideas, opinions, or even stories. However, if you’re looking for a concise answer, steer clear of open-endedness, as it might lead to verbose and less focused content.

Examples of Effective Prompts:

  • Too vague: “Tell me about science.”
  • Clear and focused: “Explain the principles of Newton’s laws of motion.”
  • Lacking context: “How do I fix an error?”
  • With context: “How do I resolve the ‘screen not found’ error in Unity3D when importing an asset?”
  • Too brief: “Website tips?”
  • Balanced detail: “What are five best practices for increasing user engagement on content-driven websites?”
  • Creative: “Imagine you’re a detective in a science fiction novel. How would you solve a crime on Mars?”
  • Flexible iteration: “If the detective AI on Mars can’t find physical evidence, what futuristic methods could it use to solve the crime?”

By understanding the anatomy of a good prompt, we set ourselves up for more meaningful and effective interactions with ChatGPT. In the following sections, we will delve into specific prompt types for different outcomes and explore advanced techniques to further enhance our prompting skills.

Engineering Seamless Human-AI Synergy: The Multidisciplinary Approach to Enhancing Interaction

Adjusting communication methods for successful interactions with AI requires grasping the fundamentals of human-AI interaction and timely engineering. Human-AI interaction is centred on how humans and AI systems communicate and work together, with the goal of developing AI systems that are easy to use, reliable, ethical, and useful. This exchange involves a range of fields such as computer science, psychology, sociology, design, and ethics, utilising techniques and instruments including user research, prototyping, testing, and evaluation to create AI systems focused on humans.

Engineering Seamless Human-AI Collaboration: A Multidisciplinary Approach

When it comes to AI communication, especially with generative AI models such as ChatGPT, it’s important to become skilled at prompting. Successful prompting necessitates a thorough comprehension of the AI model’s skills and how it processes inputs to generate outcomes. Precise, focused, and brief commands are more likely to get the appropriate responses from AI. In order to have the best outcomes in AI interactions, it is important to establish clear objectives and goals, customising prompts to clearly convey requirements to the AI system. Correct prompt organisation is important for the AI system to understand instructions effectively, and formatting methods such as utilising brackets to distinguish examples within prompts can be helpful.

Being brief and clear in communication with AI is important. Avoid including additional information in prompts, but make sure to provide all essential details and directions to prevent the AI from creating irrelevant outputs. Moreover, testing and evaluating the effectiveness of various prompts using techniques such as A/B testing can enhance the strategy and boost the effectiveness of AI interactions.

Additionally, Machine Learning (ML) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods are essential for teaching AI models and improving their effectiveness. Methods such as unsupervised learning assist AI systems in recognising patterns in prompts, which improves their knowledge and ability to provide responses. Reinforcement learning enables AI systems to adjust reactions through interaction and feedback, helping them identify patterns in cues and improve performance gradually.

Overall, adjusting communication methods for AI interactions includes grasping the complexities of human-AI teamwork, perfecting the skill of prompting, and using ML and NLP methodologies to educate and enhance AI models. This method guarantees that AI interactions are productive, successful, and in line with user requirements and objectives.

Section 3: Prompts for Different Outcomes

The versatility of ChatGPT is one of its most powerful features, allowing it to cater to a vast array of conversational needs. By fine-tuning our prompts, we can steer ChatGPT towards generating responses suitable for an equally vast array of applications, from storytelling to debugging code. Here’s how to tailor your prompts for three common outcomes.

Creative Writing

When it comes to creative writing, the goal is to nudge ChatGPT into a space of imagination and storytelling. Prompts should be open-ended and evocative, often starting with “Imagine,” “Describe,” or “Tell me a story about.” For example:

  • Prompt: “Write a short story where a time traveler goes back to the Renaissance with a smartphone.”

The above prompt sets the scene and provides a conflict, encouraging ChatGPT to craft a narrative with these elements.

Technical Explanations

In contrast, technical explanations require precision and clarity. The prompts should be specific, often including the language or technology you’re inquiring about, and the particular issue you’re facing. For instance:

  • Prompt: “Explain the difference between a ‘GET’ and a ‘POST’ request in the context of an HTTP protocol.”

This prompt is specific and asks for an explanation of a particular technical concept, expecting a clear, concise, and accurate response.

Casual Conversation

For casual conversation, the prompts can be more relaxed and less structured. They can be about opinions, preferences, or hypothetical scenarios. Here’s an example:

  • Prompt: “What’s your take on the best way to spend a rainy afternoon?”

This kind of prompt invites ChatGPT to provide a more human-like response, possibly drawing on common human experiences and cultural references.

Crafting the Right Prompt for the Right Response

The key to getting the response you want from ChatGPT lies in how you craft your prompt. Think of it as giving directions; the more accurate the directions, the more likely you are to arrive at your desired destination. Here’s a breakdown of how to fine-tune your prompts for each type of response:

For Creativity:

  • Use imaginative language.
  • Pose hypotheticals.
  • Encourage the AI to construct narratives or dialogues.

For Technicality:

  • Be precise and use technical terms.
  • Define the scope of the explanation.
  • Ask for step-by-step guides if necessary.

For Casualness:

  • Be open-ended but direct.
  • Incorporate common social topics.
  • Avoid technical jargon or complex structures.

By adapting our approach to the outcome we seek, we can interact with ChatGPT in a way that is both effective and enjoyable. Whether you’re looking for creative inspiration, technical help, or just a friendly chat, the right prompt can make all the difference.

Section 4: Advanced Prompt Techniques

Moving beyond the basics, there are advanced strategies in prompt engineering that can leverage ChatGPT’s sophisticated understanding to achieve more nuanced and complex outcomes. These techniques are grounded in the principles of machine learning and specifically tailored to the way language models like ChatGPT process and generate text.

Zero-Shot, One-Shot, and Few-Shot Learning

These terms describe how many examples a user provides to an AI to demonstrate a task:

  • Zero-Shot Learning: The AI is given no examples and must infer the task solely from the prompt. This is a true test of the AI’s ability to understand and generate text based on its pre-trained knowledge.Example Prompt: “Translate the following English sentence into French: ‘Hello, how are you?'”
  • One-Shot Learning: The AI is provided with a single example to illustrate the task before being asked to perform it. This can help the AI grasp more complex requests.Example Prompt: “Here is an example of a haiku about nature: ‘An old silent pond / A frog jumps into the pond— / Splash! Silence again.’ Now, write a haiku about the city.”
  • Few-Shot Learning: The AI is given a few examples, which can significantly improve its ability to perform tasks that are less common or more complex.Example Prompt: “These are examples of software bug reports: 1. ‘The app crashes when I click the save button after editing a photo.’ 2. ‘The website doesn’t load the user profile page properly on mobile devices.’ Please write a bug report for a problem where the video playback is choppy in a web browser.”

Prompt Chaining

Prompt chaining involves asking a series of related questions or prompts that build upon each other. This can guide the AI through a complex thought process or problem-solving task.

Example Prompt Chain:

  • “What are the primary causes of data breaches in cloud storage?”
  • “Based on those causes, what preventive measures can be implemented?”
  • “Could you outline a basic security protocol that addresses these measures?”

Role-Playing Prompts

Asking ChatGPT to assume a role can lead to creative and focused responses. This technique can be especially useful for educational purposes, simulations, or exploring hypothetical scenarios.

Example Prompt:
“Assume you’re an expert travel advisor. Recommend a one-week itinerary for a historical tour of Rome, including places to visit, food to try, and where to stay.”

The Socratic Method

Using a series of probing questions to stimulate critical thinking and illuminate ideas is known as the Socratic method. This approach can be effective in exploring complex topics in depth.

Example Prompt:
“Why is ‘network effect’ important for tech startups? Can you give an example of a company that has successfully leveraged network effects?”

By incorporating these advanced techniques into your prompt crafting repertoire, you can engage ChatGPT in more sophisticated and specialized conversations. In the next section, we’ll discuss best practices to ensure that these techniques yield the highest quality responses.

Section 5: Prompting Best Practices

To engage most effectively with ChatGPT, it’s essential to apply a set of best practices that have been honed by the community of users and developers. These practices not only improve the quality of the interactions but also enhance the user experience by reducing misunderstandings and irrelevant responses.

Be Explicit with Your Intent

Ambiguity can be the arch-nemesis of clear communication with AI. When crafting prompts, state your intent as clearly as possible.

Example:
Instead of “How to handle customers?” use “What are effective strategies for managing a customer’s complaint about a defective product?”

Use the Right Level of Detail

While being concise is generally a good practice, don’t shy away from providing necessary details, especially when dealing with complex topics.

Example:
Instead of “Write a poem,” try “Write a sonnet about the theme of renewal, with imagery of spring.”

Guide, Don’t Mislead

Ensure that the information within your prompt is accurate to avoid leading the AI down a path based on false premises.

Example:
Instead of “Explain how we can see the Great Wall of China from the moon,” ask “Discuss the myth about the Great Wall of China being visible from the moon and its origins.”

Anticipate and Shape the Response

Think ahead to the potential responses your prompt might generate and shape your prompt to guide ChatGPT towards the response you want.

Example:
Instead of “Tell me about World War II,” use “Provide an overview of the key political causes of World War II.”

Test and Iterate

Prompt engineering is often an iterative process. Don’t hesitate to refine your prompts based on the responses you receive.

Example:
If the first prompt “Describe the process of photosynthesis” yields too basic an answer, follow up with “Explain the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis, and how it affects energy conversion.”

Maintain an Ethical Framework

Always craft prompts with ethical considerations in mind, avoiding requests that would generate harmful or biased content.

Example:
Instead of prompts that could generate divisive content, focus on prompts that foster understanding and constructive discussion.

Keep Contextual Sensitivity in Mind

Be aware that ChatGPT may produce different outputs based on slight changes in wording due to its training on a wide variety of texts.

Example:
The prompt “How to start a startup” may yield different advice than “What are the first steps in founding a tech startup?”

By following these best practices, users can craft prompts that are more likely to yield useful, accurate, and ethical responses from ChatGPT. Remember, effective prompting is as much an art as it is a science, and mastery comes with practice and observation.

In the next section, we will explore common pitfalls in prompt engineering and how to avoid them, ensuring your interactions with ChatGPT are as fruitful as possible.

Section 6: Common Pitfalls and How to Avoid Them

While navigating the world of AI prompting, even seasoned users can sometimes stumble. Awareness of common pitfalls can save time, enhance the quality of interactions, and lead to better overall outcomes when using ChatGPT.

Pitfall 1: Overcomplicating the Prompt

Symptom: The response is convoluted or misses the mark.

Solution: Simplify and clarify your prompts. Use plain language and break complex queries into smaller, more manageable questions.

Example:
Instead of “What are the sociopolitical implications of cryptocurrency adoption in developing economies, considering the volatility of digital markets?”, try “How might cryptocurrency affect the economy of a developing country?”

Pitfall 2: Under-Specifying the Request

Symptom: The response is too generic or broad.

Solution: Add specificity to your prompt without overloading it with unnecessary details.

Example:
Instead of “Tell me about dogs,” specify “What are some characteristics of Labrador Retrievers as family pets?”

Pitfall 3: Assuming Common Knowledge

Symptom: ChatGPT’s response lacks depth or relevancy.

Solution: Don’t assume the AI knows what you’re thinking or shares your assumptions. Provide relevant context.

Example:
Instead of “Why are they protesting?”, provide context “Why are people protesting the new environmental policy in Brazil?”

Pitfall 4: Ignoring the AI's Limitations

Symptom: The response contains inaccuracies or outdated information.

Solution: Remember ChatGPT’s knowledge cutoff and formulate prompts that align with the data it was trained on.

Example:
Instead of asking for the latest news, ask for historical data “What were the major news stories about climate change up to 2021?”

Pitfall 5: Leading Questions

Symptom: Biased or skewed responses.

Solution: Craft neutral prompts that don’t lead the AI towards a particular viewpoint.

Example:
Instead of “Why is renewable energy the only solution to climate change?” ask “What are various solutions to climate change, including renewable energy?”

Pitfall 6: Overlooking the Prompt's Influence

Symptom: Unexpected variations in responses.

Solution: Be aware of how different phrasings can influence the direction and nature of ChatGPT’s responses.

Example:
The prompt “Discuss the role of exercise in weight loss” will likely yield a different response than “Explain how exercise contributes to overall health.”

By steering clear of these common pitfalls, you can maintain a clear path towards effective communication with ChatGPT. It’s crucial to approach each interaction as a learning opportunity, refining your prompts as you go.

In our final sections, we will look towards the future of prompt engineering and consider what developments we might expect to see in this dynamic field.

Section 7: The Future of Prompt Engineering

The field of artificial intelligence is rapidly evolving, and with it, the discipline of prompt engineering. As we stand on the brink of new AI discoveries and developments, we can anticipate significant advances in how we interact with AI models like ChatGPT.

Anticipated Advances in AI Prompting

Adaptive Learning: Future iterations of AI could refine their responses based on user feedback, learning in real-time to provide more accurate and tailored information.

Contextual Awareness: As AI becomes more sophisticated, it may develop the ability to remember previous interactions, allowing for more nuanced and continuous conversations.

Enhanced Personalization: AI could adjust its tone and style to match the user’s preferences, creating a more personalized experience.

Prompt Autonomy: We might see AI that can generate its own prompts to ask users for clarification or more information, making the conversation more of a two-way interaction.

Ethical and Cultural Sensitivity: Future AI models could be trained to be more sensitive to ethical considerations and cultural contexts, improving their global applicability and acceptance.

The Role of Research

Ongoing research in natural language processing and machine learning will continue to push the boundaries of what’s possible with prompt engineering. From the development of new training techniques to the creation of more robust language models, the research community is laying the groundwork for the next generation of conversational AI.

Implications for Users and Developers

For users, these advancements mean more intuitive and efficient interactions with AI. For developers, they represent exciting challenges and opportunities to innovate in the way we design and implement AI systems.

Staying Informed and Prepared

To stay ahead of the curve:

  • Keep abreast of the latest research and publications from leading AI organizations and academic institutions.
  • Participate in AI and tech communities to exchange knowledge and experiences with prompt engineering.
  • Experiment with new features and capabilities as they are released to understand their potential and limitations.

The future of prompt engineering is bright, and it promises to further blur the lines between human and machine communication. As we continue to explore this frontier, we must do so with a sense of responsibility and a commitment to the ethical use of AI.

For readers interested in further exploring the field of AI and staying updated with the latest advancements, there are several conferences, journals, and podcasts that can provide valuable insights:

AI Conferences

  1. Big Data & AI World in London, UK (Mar 6-7, 2024).
  2. World Summit AI Americas

These conferences offer an excellent opportunity to learn about the latest in AI research, network with professionals in the field, and understand how AI is being applied in various industries.

AI Research Journals

  1. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (TPAMI)

    • Scope: Focuses on research areas related to computer vision, pattern analysis, and machine intelligence, particularly emphasizing machine learning for pattern analysis.
    • Submission Details: Authors need to prepare manuscripts according to the IEEE guidelines and submit through the IEEE’s electronic submission system. The submission process is detailed on their “Information for Authors” page, including manuscript preparation, submission requirements, and peer review process.
    • Link for Submission and More Information: IEEE TPAMI – Information for Authors.

    IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems (TNNLS)

    • Scope: Publishes articles on the theory, design, and applications of neural networks and related learning systems.
    • Types of Contributions: Includes full papers, brief papers, and comment papers, focusing on novel contributions in the development of theories and applications of neural networks and learning systems.
    • Submission Guidelines: Manuscripts should follow IEEE’s formatting standards and can be submitted through ScholarOne Manuscripts. The journal emphasizes original work that has not been published elsewhere and requires an ORCID for all authors. It offers both traditional submission and Open Access options.
    • Link for Submission and More Information: IEEE TNNLS – Information for Authors.

    Journal of Machine Learning Research (JMLR)

    • Scope: Provides an international forum for the electronic and paper publication of high-quality scholarly articles in all areas of machine learning.
    • Submission Details: JMLR has a web-based submission and review process. Authors are encouraged to read the author guidelines carefully to ensure that submissions meet the journal’s format and submission criteria.
    • Link for Submission and More Information: JMLR Author Information.

These journals are essential reading for anyone wanting to delve deeper into the technical aspects of AI and machine learning.

AI Podcasts

  1. The AI Podcast offers insights into AI developments with diverse topics and guests.
  2. Practical AI explores AI applications in daily life.
  3. AI Today provides practical insights on AI developments.
  4. This Day in AI covers recent AI advancements and trends.
  5. The Robot Brains features conversations with AI robotics scientists.

These podcasts are great resources for keeping up with AI trends, understanding complex concepts, and getting insights from experts in the field.

 Author: Michael Peters (with some help from ChatGPT)

Crafting Creative Solutions: Exploring the World of Adobe Illustrator Plugin Development

Unleashing Creativity with Custom Adobe Illustrator Plugins: A Developer's Journey

For decades, Mapsoft has worked with Adobe Illustrator. In this discussion, we outline the technologies we use and explain how we decide on the technologies to employ in our Illustrator plugin development projects.

Choices of Technologies for Adobe Illustrator plugin development

When developing plugins or scripts for Adobe Illustrator, the choice between C++ and ExtendScript depends on various factors such as the complexity of the task, performance requirements, and integration level with Illustrator. Here’s a table outlining key differences and considerations:

AspectC++ExtendScript
ComplexitySuitable for complex, high-performance tasks. Involves in-depth knowledge of C++ and the Illustrator SDK.Best for simpler tasks and automations. Easier to learn and use, especially for those familiar with JavaScript.
PerformanceHigher performance, especially for intensive tasks like rendering or processing large files.Adequate for less demanding tasks. Slower in execution compared to C++.
Integration LevelDeep integration with Illustrator, access to lower-level APIs. Can create custom UI elements and tools.Limited to the capabilities of the scripting interface. Cannot create custom UI elements.
Development EnvironmentRequires a setup with an IDE like Visual Studio or Xcode, and the Illustrator SDK.ExtendScript Toolkit or similar text editors are sufficient. No complex setup required.
Cross-PlatformRequires handling platform-specific code for Windows and macOS.Scripts are generally cross-platform with no extra effort.
DistributionCompiled plugins need to be distributed and installed. May require managing different versions for compatibility.Scripts can be easily distributed and run by users without installation.
Update CompatibilitySensitive to Illustrator updates. Plugins may need updates to remain compatible.Generally more resilient to Illustrator updates.
UI CapabilitiesCan create complex, custom UI elements.Limited to basic dialog boxes and predefined UI elements.
Access to Illustrator FeaturesFull access to Illustrator’s features and capabilities through the SDK.Access is limited to what is exposed through the scripting interface.
Learning CurveSteeper learning curve, especially for developers not familiar with C++.Easier for those familiar with JavaScript or similar languages.
Development TimeLonger development time due to complexity and compilation.Quicker to develop and test scripts.
Community and SupportSmaller community, more complex issues may arise requiring in-depth knowledge.Larger community, easier to find solutions and examples online.

Table Summary

In summary, choose C++ for complex, performance-critical plugins that deeply integrate with Illustrator, requiring a comprehensive understanding of Illustrator’s SDK and C++. ExtendScript is better suited for simpler tasks, automation, and when ease of development and distribution are priorities. The choice ultimately depends on the specific requirements and constraints of the project you are undertaking.

User Interface Considerations

Comparing user interface elements, particularly when considering CEP (Common Extensibility Platform) used in both ExtendScript and C++ environments against wxWidgets, which is specific to C++, provides insight into the flexibility and suitability of these tools for different UI needs in Adobe Illustrator. Here’s a comparative table:

UI ASPECTCEP (COMMON EXTENSIBILITY PLATFORM)WXWIDGETS (C++)
Environment CompatibilityCompatible with both ExtendScript and C++ environments. Offers a versatile approach for UI development across different languages.Limited to C++ environment only. Suitable for developers specifically working within C++ framework.
UI Design FlexibilityHigh flexibility. Supports HTML5, CSS, and JavaScript for UI, enabling modern and dynamic interfaces.Traditional UI elements with a native look and feel. More suited to conventional desktop applications.
Complexity of UICan create sophisticated and interactive UIs, leveraging web technologies. Ideal for complex, feature-rich plugins.Well-suited for standard UI components but may be limited in creating highly interactive or custom UIs.
Cross-Platform ConsistencyUIs are generally consistent across platforms due to the web-based nature of CEP.Requires careful design to ensure cross-platform consistency due to differences in native widgets.
Ease of UseRelatively easy to use for developers familiar with web technologies.Familiar to C++ developers, but requires understanding of native UI development concepts.
PerformanceGood for UI but can be less performant for complex computations compared to native C++ UIs.Generally offers better performance for UI rendering and responsiveness in a native environment.
Integration with IllustratorSeamless integration with Illustrator, especially for extensions using ExtendScript.Direct integration with Illustrator’s functionalities, offering deeper control within a C++ plugin.
Learning CurveEasier for developers with web development background. More intuitive for designing modern UIs.Steeper for those without C++ or native UI development experience.
CustomizabilityHigh degree of customizability due to the use of HTML/CSS.Customizable within the constraints of native widgets and the C++ language.
Distribution and UpdatingWeb-based UI elements can be updated without changing the core plugin, offering easier maintenance.UI updates require recompiling and redistributing the plugin.
AccessibilityWeb technologies offer tools and standards for accessibility, but implementation requires attention.Accessibility features depend on the native platform standards and wxWidgets’ support.

In Conclusion

CEP offers a more flexible and modern approach to UI development in Adobe Illustrator plugins, especially beneficial for developers comfortable with web technologies. It works across both ExtendScript and C++ environments, providing versatility. In contrast, wxWidgets caters specifically to C++ developers, offering a more traditional, native UI approach that may be more performant but less flexible in terms of design and cross-platform consistency.

In the future we expect that Adobe will introduce UXP to Illustrator developers as has already happened with InDesign and Photoshop and will soon be a consideration for Illustrator plugin development. To what level UXP will be able to provide the same level of speed and flexibility as has existed in the C++ plug-in interface is debatable.

Case Study

See this Case Study of integration of SMART whiteboards and Adobe Illustrator on a previous development integrating Adobe Illustrator and SMART whiteboards. This was developed primarily using the C++ interface for Adobe Illustrator Plugin Development which was essential for the required speed and interoperability of the SMART developer tools.

See our Illustrator software development link on the main website.

Author:  Michael Peters

mpeters@creativeaddonshub.com

https://creativeaddonshub.com

Mastering PDF Redaction: Essential Tools and Techniques for Privacy and Security

PDFs are widely used for sharing digital documents; however, they can also pose a source of privacy and security risks if sensitive information is not properly redacted.. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the best pdf redaction tools and techniques for redacting PDFs to protect personal and business information.

The Importance of Redacting PDFs

When sharing PDFs, it’s crucial to ensure that sensitive data, such as personal identification numbers, bank details, and confidential business plans, are inaccessible to unauthorized parties. Specifically, this is important because redaction is the process of obscuring or removing this sensitive information. Therefore, redaction plays a key role in preventing privacy breaches and security risks.

Selecting the Right Tools for Redaction

There are several tools available for redacting PDFs, each with unique features, learning curves, and price points. Popular options include Adobe Acrobat DC, PDFSam, and Foxit. While free online tools offer basic functions, paid software typically provides more robust, professional-level results.

Secure Online Tools

  • Xodo and PDF.online: This online tool lets you open, redact, and download redacted PDFs securely, ensuring the privacy of your data.

Redaction Techniques

  1. Editing: This involves permanently removing text or images from the PDF. However, it might leave behind unwanted data or corrupt the file.
  2. Blacking Out: Covering text or images with black bars or rectangles. It’s simpler but may not be suitable for complex documents.
  3. Deleting: Completely removes text or images, leaving no trace. Ideal for highly sensitive information but requires caution.

Steps to Redact a PDF

  1. Identify the sensitive information.
  2. Open the PDF in your chosen editing tool.
  3. Select the text or image for redaction.
  4. Choose the appropriate redaction technique.
  5. Double-check the document for any missed information.
  6. Save the redacted document.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

  1. Make sure you double check the document before sharing.
  2. Using an inappropriate redaction technique.
  3. Skipping manual checks after automated redaction.
  4. Choosing the wrong redaction tool.
  5. Failing to secure the redacted document properly.

Advanced Tips for Professional-Grade Redaction

  1. Develop a consistent redaction protocol.
  2. Use software with batch redaction options.
  3. Conduct thorough checks of redacted documents.
  4. Keep your redaction software up-to-date.
  5. Train staff in proper redaction procedures.

Special Focus: Adobe Acrobat DC for Redaction

Adobe Acrobat DC is a popular choice for PDF redaction, offering built-in redaction and encryption options, batch processing, and customizable redaction areas. However, it’s more expensive than some other options. However if you are using many of the other functions in Acrobat then you may find it commercially viable. This is described in the Acrobat Help System.

Legal and Business Implications

Inadequate redaction can lead to legal fines, breaches of confidentiality, and loss of business opportunities. This page on the ABA (American Bar Association) discusses redaction failures.

Conclusion

Effective redaction of PDFs is essential for maintaining privacy and security in our digital world. By choosing the right pdf redaction tools and employing proper techniques, you can safeguard sensitive information and avoid the pitfalls of inadequate redaction practices.

What next?

If you are interested in discussing our consultancy and software development services further then please send an email to info@creativeaddonshub.com by clicking the button below: